In the book of Romans, Paul addresses a disunity problem between the Jews and Gentiles in the churches of Rome. The majority of members of the church in the beginning were probably the Jews after the Pentecost event in Acts 2. However, it had been changed dramatically after Roman emperor, Claudius, decreed to expel all the Jews to be out of Rome in 49AD. They were allowed to come back to Rome after 54AD by Nero. This 5years of absence of the Jews, the majority of members of the church became the Gentiles. And they probably changed things around in how they did in their meetings.
Therefore, one of big themes in the book of Romans became a unity (equal treatment by God toward Gentile & Jew) as Paul addresses this disunity issue.
As meditating on what would have been like for the heart of Jews at the time, I was being reminded of the heart of Pharisees, which was revealed by Jesus when He confronted them with a prodigal son story in the gospel of Luke. The pharisees and the scribe were audience to this story as well as the tax-collectors and sinners. Jesus was probably pointing the older son as the Pharisees and the younger son as the sinners. The older son was really angry by the fact that their father was graciously receiving the younger son back. Just as this story, the Pharisees were really upset by the fact that Jesus were giving much attention to those sinners and proclaiming the salvation news to them. In their heart, it must have been hurtful since they were the ones who had been faithfully walking in the laws to be citizens of Kingdom of God. With their whole life, they had been devoted to God to please Him while sinners were doing whatever they wished to do. Then, Jesus proclaimed that God's salvation came to those sinners, which the Pharisees couldn't have accepted easily.
The Jews believers in Rome were probably having hard time to see God's abundant grace on the Gentile believers, whom they used to treat them as great sinners. And they were wondering about all those years that they had been trying to keep the laws to please God if that was even worth. What about their covenant, their promises, and blessings toward Israel... these questions were probably in their mind since Paul addresses them in the book of Romans. Paul didn't say that it was counted by God nothing but it was worth and holy when it comes to God's faithful covenants and the law, just as Father mentioned the older son all the things he had in his father's home were his in the prodigal son story. However, Paul pointed out the hardened heart of the Jews who didn't praise God's grace and goodness in His righteousness just as Jesus pointed out the jealousy heart of the older son (the Pharisees) in the prodigal son story in Luke 15.
Furthermore, both Jesus in the gospel of Luke and Paul in the book of Romans were strongly pointing out that the good news of salvation is for everyone who believes in Jesus Christ as the prodigal son begins with God being a Father to both sons.
Rom 1:16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.
Armenia is the first country where adopted Christianity as their national religion. Over 93% of their populations belongs to the Apostolic church according to Wikipedia Very interestingly enough, this country is surrounded by Islam countries, except Georgia.